Re-entry programs Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Re-entry programs - Case Study Example The most successful reductions in recidivism occur in states that have a comprehensive program to meet the needs of individual prisoners before and after they are released. Oregon is held up as the state most successful in reducing recidivism, with a drop of 32% between 1994 and 2004 (The Pew Center on the States). Oregon’s program includes a risk and needs assessment when the prisoner is first incarcerated and a detailed transition plan six months before release. Their program also includes a comprehensive shift among all levels of government so a prisoner is not immediately returned to prison but instead faces graduated sanctions in the community, to include short jail stays as a means of accountability (The Pew Center on the States). Graduated sanctions mean that the ex-prisoner is not immediately returned to prison for a technical violation. One of the most successful programs for incarcerated offenders is cognitive-behavioral treatment. These programs target the predictors of crime as well as anti-social attitudes and values (Hubbard). This treatment works well with the majority of prisoners but is deficient and even harmful to those with low self-esteem or a history of sexual abuse (Id.). However, the benefits of such treatment far outweigh the deficiencies and must be included in the over-arching goal of behavioral change. Current research indicates educational programs are an important tool in reducing both re-offense and technical violations (Brewster). In a study performed in Oklahoma prisons, women benefited the most from educational and vocational-technical training, but men benefitted as well (Id.). Substance abuse treatment and counseling has also proven effective when begun in prison and followed up with after care (American Psychological Association). Research in California prisons showed a three year